COURSE TITLE Biology 327; Microbiology
PROFESSOR(S) Jeff Knight, jknight@mtholyoke.edu
LECTURE  
LAB  
TEXTS

Tortora, GJ, Funke, BR, Case, CL. 2000. Microbiology: An Introduction. 7th ed. Benjamin-Cummings Publishing Company.

EXAMS & GRADING

The study of microorganisms today is much more complex than it was even a decade ago. Historically, the emphasis has been on microbial morphology and the isolation and identification of organisms in the laboratory on the basis of morphology, staining properties, etc. While these considerations are important, the major approach to the study of microbiology today is a biochemical one. Accordingly, I assume that all of you have met the prescribed prerequisites for this course (Biology 220 and either Biology 210 or Biology 213), and for each of the topics presented, we will attempt to understand the underlying biochemical mechanisms.

The new edition (7th) of the textbook by Tortora et al. is an excellent one, and I hope we will get through almost all of it during the course of the semester. The reading assignments are noted on the accompanying outline; while the exams will not lean heavily on material from the reading not presented in class, I can virtually guarantee that those of you who have done the reading faithfully will fare better than the rest.

Since we meet often in the laboratory, it is important that you develop proper laboratory techniques. Before beginning experiments that will investigate the physiology and ecology of microorganisms, we will do a preliminary set of exercises designed to acquaint you with basic microbial procedures and equipment. No laboratory reports are required. However, I do expect that each of you will maintain a laboratory notebook where you will record all procedures, observations, and conclusions that relate to your experimental work. I will collect and grade your laboratory notebooks twice during the semester.

The course requirements are as follows: l) three midterm exams; 2) an oral presentation in class, about 15 minutes in length and to be delivered with a partner, describing the characteristics and peculiarities of one or more of the specific groups of bacteria (this assignment will be described more completely in class); 3) as one member of a group of three or four, you will help to develop an independent research proposition that your group has designed to answer a particular question or problem that you have determined to be of interest to you; all research proposals will be presented in a formal poster format (this assignment will also be described more completely in class); 4) your group will have the opportunity to orally defend your proposal against any questions or criticisms I or other students might have at our research proposal symposium in the laboratory during the week of December 2; and 5) completion of the laboratory component of the course. Your grade will be determined as follows:

Requirement
% of Grade
Midterm Exams (3)
40
Oral Presentation
10
Group Research Proposal Poster
20
Oral Presentation and Defense at Symposium
10
My evaluation of your performance in laboratory
20
Total
100
LECTURE SCHEDULE
Major Topic
Textbook Reading
Introduction to microbiology Chapters 1 and 4
A survey of the microbial world
  -Algae
  -Protozoa
  -Fungi
  -Archaebacteria
  -Eubacteria
  -Viruses
Chapters 10 thru 13

Microbial growth, metabolism, energy storage
  -Mechanics of cell growth
  -Environmental factors affecting growth
  -Nutritional factors affecting growth
  -Population dynamics in the laboratory and in nature
  -Bacterial glycolysis
  -Fermentations - metabolism of pyruvate
  -Alternative pathways for glucose metabolism
    -Pentose phosphate pathway
    -Entner-Doudoroff pathway
  -Kreb's Cycle in bacteria
  -The glyoxylate cycle
  -Anaerobic respirations
  -Bacterial photosynthesis
    -Cyanobacteria
    -Purple and green sulfur bacteria
    -Purple non-sulfur bacteria
  -Chemoautotrophic metabolism
  -The Calvin Cycle in bacteria
  -Assimilation of nitrogen and sulfur
  -Amino acid and nucleotide synthesis

Chapters 5 thru 7

Cycles of matter and microbial ecology
  -Phosphate cycle
  -Carbon and oxygen cycles
  -Nitrogen cycle
  -Sulfur cycle
Chapter 27
Oral Presentations
Microbial symbiosis
  -Type classifications
  -Represenative examples
    -Lichens
    -Mycorrhizae
    -The rumen
    -Others
  -Experimental analysis
pp. 409; 742 - 744
Evolution of early life on earth
  -Stromatolites and primitive bacteria
  -Fermentation
  -Anaerobic photosynthesis
  -Aerobic photosynthesis
  -GAIA hypothesis
  -Organelle evolution
Margulis and Dolan
Early Life
Chapters 1 thru 4 (in lab)
Medical microbiology
  -General considerations
  -Specific microbial diseases
    -Entrance via the respiratory tract
    -Entrance via the digestive tract
    -Oral infections
    -Entrance via the genitourinary tract
    -Entrance via the skin
  -Principles of immunology
Chapters 14 thru 17;
Chapters 21 thru 26
LAB SCHEDULE
Chapters 3 and 28 in your textbook should be read in conjunction with the corresponding laboratory experiments. I will try to remember to remind you at the appropriate times.

Week
Topic
1 NO LABORATORY
2 Introductory exercises
Yeast cakes and marbles
Isolation of your own E. coli
3 Introductory exercises
Yeast cakes and marbles revisited
Dairy product microbiology
4 Dairy product microbiology
Flora of the human skin
5 Flora of the human skin
Identification of E. coli
6 NO LABORATORY
7 Oral microbiology
Winemaking
8 Oral microbiology
Cheesemaking
9 Symbiosis in the termite hindgut
FIELD TRIP - Sewage Treatment
10 Isolation of bacteriophage
Group Projects
11 Determination of phage titer
Determination of host range
Group Projects
12 NO LABORATORY
13 Student Research Symposium
14 FIELD TRIP - Holyoke Hospital
Wine and cheese party

Last Modified: March 11, 2005

Mount Holyoke College - 50 College Street - South Hadley, Massachusetts 01075 - 413-538-2482 - biology@mtholyoke.edu