Associate, Global Business Access, Ltd.
Senior Visiting Fellow, Watson Institute for International Studies, Brown University (research and teaching), 1992-94
U.S. Foreign Service, 1952-82
Assignments:
Ambassador to Portugal, 1978-82
Ambassador to Ecuador, 1976-78
Director, Office of Policy Planning and Coordination, Bureau of Inter-American Affairs, Department of State, 1972-76
Counselor of Embassy for Economic Affairs and Associate Director, USAID, Brazil, 1968-71
Other Assignments 1952-68: Bolivia, Austria, Mexico, Uruguay, Washington
Education:
B.S. in Foreign Service, Georgetown University, 1950
M.P.A., Harvard University, 1960
Graduate studies in Economics, George Washington University, 1963-64
State Department Fellow, Center for International Affairs, Harvard University, 1971-72
Professional Affiliations:
Council on Foreign Relations, New York
United Nations Association
Honors and Awards:
Superior Honor Award, Department of State, 1977
Meritorious Honor Award, Department of State, 1958
Decorated by the Government of Ecuador, 1978
Military Service:
U.S. Coast Guard, 1945-46
U.S. Air Force, 1950-51
Languages:
Portuguese and Spanish
Publications:
Books:
(with Gregory F. Treverton) eds., Alternatives to Intervention: A New U.S.-Latin American Security Relationship, Lynne Rienner Publishers, Inc. 1990
ed., Regional Conflict and U.S. Policy: Angola and Mozambique, Reference Publications, 1988
ed., Puerto Rico: The Search for a National Policy, Westview Press, 1985
Articles and Chapters:
"Advancing Democracy and Human Rights in the Americas," in Advancing Democracy and Human Rights in the America: What Role for the OAS?, Inter-American Dialogue, May 1994
"Making the Western Hemisphere Safe for Democracy? The OAS Defense-of-Democracy Regime," Washington Quarterly, Spring 1994
"U.S.-Portugal Relations After the Cold War," in Ferreira and Cabral, Portuguese Studies in International Perspective, Univ. Autonoma de Lisboa, Lisbon, 1993
(with Abraham F. Lowenthal) "Inter-American Institutions in a Time of Change," International Journal, Volume XLV, No. 4, Autumn 1990
"Suppressing the Interventionist Impulse: Toward a New Collective Security System in the Americas," in Bloomfield and Treverton, eds., Alternatives to Intervention, Lynne Reinner (1990)
"U.S. Policy: Doctrine versus Interests," in Bloomfield, ed., Regional Conflict and U.S. Policy, Reference Publications, 1988
"The Inter-American System: Does It Have a Future?" in Tom Farer, ed., The Future of the Inter-American System, Praeger 1979
Who Makes American Foreign Policy? Some Latin American Case Studies, monograph presented to the Fellows Program, Center for International Affairs, Harvard University, 1972
Op-Ed Pieces:
"Pitfalls in Democratization as Policy," The Times of the Americas, July 26, 1989
"A New Direction for Security," The Boston Globe, June 19, 1988
"Washington Fiddles as Latin Americ Burns--Only We Don't Feel It," Los Angeles Times, June 1, 1988
"Using the Contadora Solution," New York Times, February 17, 1987
"Nicaragua's History and America's Conscience," This World, Spring/Summer 1984
"The Kissinger Commission," The Miami Herald, January 15, 1984
"Buoy Latin Diplomacy," New York Times, May 13, 1983
"Elections in Spain: Why the U.S. Should Care," Christian Science Monitor, October 25, 1982