Total External Debt, 1997 and 2002 (millions US$)

Country
Total Debt Stock
Total Debt/GNI (%)
Long-term Debt/total Debt (%)
Multilateral Debt (%)
Bilateral Debt (%)
Private Debt (%)
 
1997
2002
1997
2002
1997
2002
1997
2002
1997
2002
1997
2002
All developing countries
2,122,611
2,338,848
36
39
79
82
17
19
27
22
56
60
East Asia & Pacific
526,312
497,354
35
28
73
78
13
17
25
27
62
56
Europe & Central Asia
387,545
545,842
36
49
80
80
9
9
34
21
57
70
Latin America & Caribbean
665,833
727,944
34
45
79
84
13
17
11
7
76
76
Middle East & North Africa
172,634
189,010
35
33
80
79
16
16
54
44
30
40
South Asia
149,611
168,349
28
26
93
94
40
40
29
26
31
35
Sub-Saharan Africa
220,677
210,350
67
70
78
83
31
35
45
43
24
22
Low income
520,179
523,464
53
49
83
86
30
34
38
38
31
28
Middle income
1,602,432
1,815,384
33
37
77
81
12
14
23
17
65
69
Heavily indebted poor countries
204,992
188,582
109
86
83
84
34
44
50
43
16
13

Source: World Bank, Global Development Finance, 2004 (Washington, DC: World Bank, 2004), Table 3, "External Debt"

Impact of Exogenous Shocks on External Debt of Nonoil Developing Countries (Billion $US)

Effect Amount
Oil Price Increase in Excess of US Inflation (1974-82 cumulative) 260
Real Interest Rate in Excess of 1961-80 Average: 1981 and 1982 41
Terms of Trade Loss, 1981-82 79
Export Volume Loss Caused by World Recession, 1981-82 21
Total 401
Total Debt Increase, 1973-82 482

Exposure as a Percentage of Capital, Major Banks, end of 1982

  Argentina Brazil Mexico Venezuela Chile Total
Citibank 18.2 73.5 54.6 18.2 10.0 174.5
Bank of America 10.2 47.9 52.1 41.7 6.3 158.2
Chase Manhattan 21.3 56.9 40.0 24.0 11.8 154.0
Morgan Guaranty 24.4 54.3 34.8 17.5 9.7 140.7
Manufacturers Hanover 47.5 77.7 66.7 42.4 28.4 262.8
Chemical 14.9 52.0 60.0 28.0 14.8 169.7

Source: William R. Cline, International Debt: Systemic Risk and Policy Response (Washington, DC: Institute for International Economics, 1984), pp.13 and 24.