John Shirle, Rebel: The Peasants' Revolt of 1381

 

The following is the story of John Shirle of the county of Nottinghamshire, as it was presented before Hugh de la Zouche and his fellow royal justices sitting to hear indictments against recent rebels and disturbers of the peace in the town of Cambridge on Thursday 16 July 1381, published in full from the original plea roll by R.B. Dobson, "Remembering the Revolt," in W.H. Liddell and R.G.E. Wood, eds., Essex and the Great Revolt of 1381. Essex Record Office: Essex Record Office Publication no. 84, 1982, pp. 3-4.

 

     John Shirle of the county of Nottingham was taken prisoner because it was found that he had been a vagabond (vagabundus) in various counties during the whole time of the late disturbance, insurrection and tumult, carrying lies as well as silly and worthless talk from district to district, whereby the peace of the lord the king could rapidly be broken and the people be disquieted and disturbed.  Among other damaging words, namely after the proclamation of the peace of the lord the king made on the aforesaid day and year, when the justices assigned by the lord the king were holding sessions in the town, he said in a tavern in Bridge Street in Cambridge, where many were assembled to listen to his news and worthless talk, that the stewards of the lord the king as well as the justices and many other officers and ministers of the king were more deserving to be drawn and hanged and to suffer other lawful pains and torments than John Ball, a chaplain, a traitor and felon lawfully convicted.  For John Shirle said that he (John Ball) had been condemned to death falsely, unjustly and for envy by the said ministers with the king's assent; because he had been a true and worthy man, prophesying things useful to the commons of the kingdom and telling of woes and oppressions done to the people by the king and the aforesaid ministers; and Ball's death would not go unpunished but within a short space of time he would well reward both the king and his said ministers and officers.  These sayings and threats redound to the prejudice of the crown of the lord the king and to the contempt and manifest disturbance of the people.  And thereupon the said John Shirle was immediately brought by the sheriff before the said justices sitting in Cambridge castle;  and he was charged about these matters and was diligently examined as regards his conversation, his presence and his estate;  and when these things had been acknowledged by him before the said justices, his evil behaviour and condition was made plainly manifest and clear.  And thereupon trustworthy witnesses, in his presence at the time when the above mentioned lies, evil words, threats and worthless talk had been spoken by him, were requested; and they, being sworn to speak the truth about these matters, testified that all the aforesaid words imputed to him had indeed been spoken by him.  And he, examined once again, did not deny the charges laid against him.  Therefore by the discretion of the said justices he was hanged;  and an order was made to the escheator to enquire diligently about his lands and tenements and his goods and chattels, and to make due execution thereof for the lord the king.