Art 222
Fall 2001

The Age of Cathedrals

This course surveys art and architecture in Western Europe from the 12th to the 15th centuries.Our primary focus will be the church building where sculpture and painting were integrated with architecture to create a multi-media environment for communal and personal devotion. Discussion will explore Gothic art as a representation of spiritual beliefs, as a tool of political persuasion, and as a site that reveals the dynamic tensions within contemporary society.


Course Requirements
In addition to a mid-term and final examinations which will cover the material presented in lecture and assigned readings, two papers (ca.5 pages each) will also be required.

Texts
Abbot Suger, E, Panofsky, ed.
Camille, M., Gothic Art: Glorious Visions
Chartres Cathedral
, R. Branner, ed.
Stoddard, W.S., Art and Architecture in Medieval France
Reading pack

Books are in paperback and are available at the Odyssey Bookshop in the Village Commons.

*** Images and assignments will be posted on the course web site

Office Hours
Monday 2-4: 206 Art Building and by appointment
e-mail: mtdavis@mtholyoke
phone: 538-2474




Lectures and Readings

I: Saint Denis and the Gothic

Camille, Glorious Visions, introduction: 9-25
Abbot Suger, E. Panofsky, ed.
W. Stoddard, Art and Architecture, chs. 8-9: 93-111 (look through part 1, "Romanesque France"
Revelations, chapter 21 (handout)

Lecture notes

image 1. Saint-Denis, plan of Suger's rebuilding project: 1135-51
image 2. Saint-Denis, model of Suger's intended project
image 3. Saint-Denis, west block: ca. 1135-40
image 4. Saint-Denis, west block, narthex interior: 1141-44
image 5. Saint-Denis, exterior, choir chapels: 1141-44
image 6. Saint-Denis, interior, choir ambulatory and chapels: 1140-44
image 7. Saint-Denis, west block, central portal: 1135-40
image 8. Saint-Denis, west block, central portal, drawing of destroyed jamb figures: 1135-40

II. The Royal Portals of Chartres Cathedral
Stoddard, ch. 15: 153-164
Chartres Cathedral: 126-168
L.Spitzer, "The Cult of the Virgin and Gothic Sculpture: Evaluating Opposition in the Chartres West Facade Capital Frieze, Gesta, 33/2 (1994): 132-150 (reading pack)
W. Sauerländer, Gothic Sculpture in France, plates

Lecture notes

image 1. Chartres Cathedral, west facade: ca. 1145-55 and 1194 ff.
image 2. Chartres Cathedral, west facade, "Royal portals": ca. 1145-55

image 3. Chartres Cathedral, west facade, jamb figures: ca. 1145-55
image 4. Chartres Cathedral, west facade, right (Virgin) portal, tympanum and lintels: ca. 1145-55
image 5. Chartres Cathedral, west facade, right (Virgin) portal, detail of archivolts (Grammar and Music): ca. 1145-55
image 6. Senlis Cathedral, west facade, tympanum with Coronation of the Virgin: ca. 1170

III. Notre-Dame, Paris and the Quest for Size
Camille, chapter 1: 27-68
Stoddard, chs. 10-14: 113-152
"Critics of the New Architecture," in Gothic Art, T. Frisch, ed., 30-33 (handout)

Lecture notes

image 1. Paris Cathedral, west facade, right portal, Virgin in Majesty: ca. 1160
image 2. Laon Cathedral, reconstruction of original project: begun ca. 1155
image 3. Laon Cathedral, nave interior looking toward choir, ca. 1155-1205
image 4. Laon Cathedral, interior of north transept: later 12th cantury
image 5. Laon Cathedral, west facade: ca. 1195-1205
image 6. Paris, model of Ile de la Cite and cathedral (17th century)
image 7. Paris Cathedral, section of 12th-century building: begun 1155/60
image 8. Paris Cathedral, nave interior, south side: late 12th century
image 9. Paris Cathedral, west facade: ca. 1200-1240

IV. Cunning Geometry: Gothic Design and Construction
Plan Design exercise in class

Columbia University, Amiens website
M. Davis, "Scenes from a Design: The Plan of Saint Urbain, Troyes"
Chartres Cathedral: 102-103; 124-125


V. "The Work of God": the Church as Performance Space
C. Wright, "The Shape of the Liturgy..." (reserve)
M.Fassler, "Liturgy and Sacred History.at Chartres," Art Bulletin, 75 (1993), 499-520 (reserve)

P. Crossley, "The Man from Inner Space" (reading pack)

Lecture notes

image 1. Canterbury Cathedral, choir interior: 1174-1184
image 2. Lincoln Cathedral, exterior from northeast: rebuilt 1192 ff.
image 3. Lincoln Cathedral, St. Hugh's choir looking west: 1192 ff.

image 4. Lincoln Cathedral, Lincoln Cathedral, vault of St. Hugh's choir: 1192 ff.
image 5. Lincoln Cathedral, nave interior looking east: ca. 1235
image 6. Wells Cathedral, nave interior looking east: ca. 1190-1230
image 7. Wells Cathedral, west facade: ca. 1230

VI. Gothic Architecture in England to 1230
Canterbury, Lincoln, Wells, Salisbury

Gervase of Canterbury, "The New Architecture," in
Gothic Art, T. Frisch, ed. 14-23 (reading pack)
P. Kidson, "Saint Hugh's Choir," (reading pack)


MID-TERM EXAMINATION


VII. Chartres Cathedral: Image of an Ideal World?

The New Cathedral
Camille: 70-99
Chartres Cathedral: 69-102; 104-114; 120-122
Stoddard, chs. 16-17: 167-190; 253-257
Augustine, The City of God (excerpt, handout)
Transept Sculpture
Chartres Cathedral: 186-206
Sauerländer, French Gothic Sculpture, plates

Higher and Higher:
Cathedrals of Bourges, Reims, Amiens, Beauvais

Stoddard, ch. 18-23: 191-251
William Durand, "The Symbolism of Churches and Church Ornaments," Gothic Art, 1140-c.1450, 33-37 (handout)
S. Murray, "Architecture of Transcendence" (video)
visit the Columbia University Amiens web site

Lecture notes

image 1. Soissons Cathedral, south side exterior, transept and choir: ca. 1175-1212
image 2. Soissons Cathedral, south transept interior: ca. 1175-90
image 3. Soissons Cathedral, choir interior: ca. 1195-1212
image 4. Chartres Cathedral, airview from south: 1194-ca. 1220
image 5. Chartres Cathedral, nave exterior, south side: 1194-ca. 1220
image 6. Chartres Cathedral, nave interior, north side: 1194-ca. 1220
image 7. Chartres Cathedral, nave interior, vaults: 1194-ca. 1220
image 8. Braine, Saint-Yved, interior choir: begun ca. 1176

image 9. Bourges Cathedral, view from southeast: begun 1195
image 10. Bourges Cathedral, nave exterior, south side: 1195 ff.
image 11. Bourges Cathedral, interior nave, looking east: 1195 ff.
image 12. Bourges Cathedral, interior nave, south side, 1195 ff.
image 13. Reims Cathedral, choir exterior and archbishop's chapel: begun 1211
image 14. Reims Cathedral, detail of choir chapel window: ca. 1220
image 15. Reims Cathedral, nave interior looking west: 1211 ff.
image 16. Reims Cathedral, choir interior: 1211 ff.
image 17. Amiens Cathedral, exterior from nothwest: begun 1220
image 18. Amiens Cathedral, choir exterior: 1230's-1269
image 19. Amiens Cathedral, nave interior: 1220 ff.
image 20. Amiens Cathedral, choir interior: 1230's-1269

image 21. Beauvais Cathedral, choir exterior: 1225-72
image 22. Beauvais Cathedral, choir interior: 1225-72
image 23. Beauvais Cathedral, choir ambulatory interior: 1225-72

 

VIII. Art and Politics in the 13th Century
France: the Reign of Louis IX (1226-1270)

Architecture
Stoddard, chs. 25, 26: 279-310
Sculpture and Statecraft
D. Sadler, "The King as Subject, the King as Author," (reserve)
W. Sauerländer, French Gothic Sculpture, plates for Reims Cathedral
The Empire: the Age of Frederick II (1226-1250)

P. Williamson, Gothic Sculpture (reserve)
England: Henry III and Westminster Abbey

Lecture notes

image 1. Paris, Saintte-Chapelle, exterior: 1241-1248
image 2. Paris, Saint-Chapelle, exterior, south side : 1241-1248
image 3. Paris, Saint-Chapelle, interior: 1241-1248
image 4. Paris, Saint-Chapelle, interior, stained glass window detail (Coronation of Old Testament Kings) : 1241-1248

image 5. Saint-Denis, north transept exterior: 1230 ff.
image 6. Saint-Denis, transept interior: 1230 ff.
image 7. Saint-Denis, tombs of Robert the Pious and Constance of Arles: ca. 1263

IX. Art and Personal Piety

The Cult of the Virgin
Camille: 102-131
"The Assumption of the Virgin," The Golden Legend
(reading pack)
J.E. Keller, "The Cantigas de Santa Maria," Alfonso X, El Sabio (reserve)

The Hours of Jeanne d'Evreux
The Hours of Jeanne d'Evreux (look through)
M. Caviness, "Patron or Matron...?" Speculum,
68 (1993), 333-362 (reserve)

Lecture notes

X. Public and Private Art in Italy

Camille: 133-183
Giovanni Pisano, sculptor and architect
Siena Cathedral facade
Pistoia pulpit
M. Ayrton, Giovanni Pisano, 121-131 (reserve)
Giotto: the Arena Chapel, Padua
G. Vasari, "Cimabue" and "Giotto," from The Lives of the Most Eminent Painters (reserve)
look through illustrations of G. Basile, Giotto:
the Arena Chapel frescoes (reserve)
Siena: Good and Bad Government frescoes
N. Rubinstein, "Political Ideas..." Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes, 21 (1958), 179-189 (reading pack)

Lecture notes

image 1. Pistoia Pulpit by Giovanni Pisano: 1298-1301
image 2. Pistoia Pulpit, Nativity: 1298-1301
image 3. Pistoia Pulpit, Massacre of the Innocents: 1298-1301

image 4. Poem of Fauvel, Parisian scenes: ca. 1317
image 5. Poem of Fauvel, Fauvel consummates marriage with Vainglory and charivari: ca. 1317

XI. Paris: a Medieval Metropolis
Jean de Jandun, "In Praise of Paris (reading pack)

M. Davis, "Desespoir, Esperance, and Douce France" in Fauvel Studies, 187-213

(reserve)

W. Sauerländer, "Paris" in Paris, Center of Artistic Enlightenment(reading pack)

Lecture notes