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Population Change due to Migration
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By studying migration patterns in Manchester and Liverpool, we want to examine what the patterns of change and continuity were in the region during the nineteenth century and compare the findings between specific time periods. The specific periods to be examined are the decades of 1861-1871, 1881-1891 and 1901-1911. Our study is facilitated by the provision of regional maps of the North Western region of England.
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I. Manchester and Liverpool: Background Before analyzing the specific patterns
found within each region a brief discussion of the characteristics of
the region is provided. Indeed, Manchester and Liverpool were both centers
of economic activity that attracted many people not only within their
own district but in the overall region as well. Manchester, a district
of tremendous importance in economic terms, was the center of the cotton
industry located in the immediate vicinity of coal production. It was
almost inevitable that Manchester would become from very early on an attraction
pole for those seeking employment. Similarly, Liverpool was the main harbor
of England in which cotton and other goods came from the colonies and
out of which ready manufactured good left the region and the country.
It became unquestionably one the fastest growing cities in England. |
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II. Manchester and Liverpool: 1861-1871The first rail line to be developed was the Liverpool Manchester Railroad connecting the two cities. Following intense debates during the early 1820’s, the line was finally opened in 1829, and was officially inaugurated a year later on September 15, 1830. The line facilitated first and foremost the transfer of goods between the two cities. With the development of new locomotives traveling became more efficient and more reliable. Soon after its opening passengers also started using the line. Indeed, soon it became an easily accessible means of transportation for the inhabitants of the region. Within a few years the network extended to nearby towns, such as Warrington in the South and Bolton in the North. Later the lines were further extended to connect the region with other national hubs of transportation such as Birmingham. The role of the railway is the region and the consequent effect it had on migration patters cannot be easily assessed; however, it is almost indubitable that the Liverpool-Manchester contributed significantly, if it did not lead, the developments in the field of railroad in Britain of the nineteenth century.
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