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| This inventory, arranged by graduation date, gives the class and name of alumnae missionaries to Africa whose Alumnae Biographical Files contain primary sources. A brief description of the contents of each file is also included. |
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Class of 1856 Nichols, Laura B. (Mrs. Henry M Bridgman), 1834-1923 Missionary to the Zulus in Infume and Umzumbe, in Natal, South Africa, 1860-1923
Reminiscences of Bygone Day, 1899, describes Nichols's childhood and Mount Holyoke years, her North American teaching career and family life in South Africa, with very little information on missionary work. Sequel to the Reminiscences, 1937, written by Nichols's daughter, includes more information about missions in Africa. Both books contain descriptions of sea voyages and travel within South Africa. Class letter, that is actually two letters incorporated together; one from Nichols and another from Lucy F. Smith, her cousin. Nichols’s family and her work in Africa are mentioned, 1896. One letter to Anna Edwards, in which Nichols writes about having her Zulu book printed, 1903. Six missionary newsletters written by Nichols, her husband, and others, include information on Umzumbe missions. Two of the newsletters are probably written in Zulu, 1898-1924. Twelve photographs, mostly of South Africa, including Zulus, oxen pulling a cart, huts, a town, and Zulus working in a field. There is also a photo of Nichols and a photo of her husband.
Secondary sources:
Class of 1860 Thayer, Sarah A., 1837-1923
Primary sources:
Secondary sources:
Class of 1862 Bliss, Anna E., 1843-1922.
Printed except of a letter she wrote for a missionary newsletter, 1910 in which Bliss's describes of a visit to Mount Holyoke. Class letter from Bliss, 1887, includes a description of Huguenot Seminary in the 1880s. Career questionnaire from the Alumnae Association, 1919, which includes brief comments by Bliss on her involvement in the war effort. One photograph of Bliss.
Secondary sources:
Class of 1863 Clary, Susan M., d. 1878
Five photographs of Clary, 1863.
Secondary sources:
Class of 1867 Wells, Annie M., 1846-1922
One class letter that was written shortly before her departure for South Africa, 1875.
Secondary sources:
Vice principal of Bloemhof Seminary, Stellenbosch, South Africa, 1880-1888.
An article on "the evolution of a (female) college student," written for The Congregationalist and Christian World, 1904. Two short letters to the MHC alumnae secretary, 1934 & 1935. Two typed letters regarding the cave paintings, which were written to the Curator of the Museum of Dartmouth College, 1940 & 1941. Watercolor drawings of African cave paintings, created 1880-1888.
Secondary sources:
Class of 1868 Gilson Hannah Juliette, 1845-1924.
Ten letters written by Gilson, in which she discusses each school she taught at, 1902, 1903, and 1904. Two newspaper article by Gilson about a "Journey Inland," 1896. An article written by Gilson about the missionary work of Rev. J. Du Plessis, 1918. An article by Gilson, for a missionary newsletter, in which she summarizes the history of Rhodesia and recent changes, describes the Mt. Selinda School, and writes about a "Ndau Heathen Man," 1915. An article, by Gilson, about her last few days in Rhodesia, 1915. Photo of African students, 1900.
Secondary sources:
Class of 1869 Campbell, Theresa, d. 1904
Class letters from New York; Egypt, Wellington; and South Africa, written in 1869, 1872, 1877, 1883, & 1889. Letter to Ariana from Campbell, in which she writes of her marriage, her failing health, her travels, and watching the Great Fish River "come down," 1901.
Secondary sources:
Class of 1872 Sloane, Virginia G., 1848-1929
Letters written to Anna Edwards by Sloane from Kittanning, PA. containing very little information on her missionary work, 1913, 1915, 1916, 1918, 1919, 1920 and 1925.
Secondary sources:
Class of 1873 Lyman, Eunice A., 1850-1932
Three published letters by Lyman, in which she describes travel within Africa and African geography, politics, Dutch-English conflect and her hope that they will soon become "all one people," 1897-1898. Letters apparently to Anna Edwards discussing various aspects of life in Africa, 1898, 1899,1900. Letters by Lyman that do not include information about her African work, 1923, 1925, 1926 & 1927. An autobiographical sketch which includes comments on her work in South Africa and the Boer War, 1923. Four copies of a photo of Lyman, 1873.
Secondary sources:
Class of 1874 Bailey Minnie F., d. 1907
One class letter in which Bailey writes about Huguenot and mentions orange trees, 1875. One photo of Bailey.
Secondary sources:
Class of 1875 Ingraham, Carrie E., 1853-1939
One letter from to Anna Edwards, in which she mentions Anna Bliss ’62, and Abby Park Ferguson ’56 and discusses the Greylock Academy, 1904. One class letter, in which she write of her life in South Africa and her faimly, 1909. Two postcards from Stellenbosch, to the alumnae secretary, in one of them she declares her occupation to be "mothering as many as possible," 1924. Letter to Miss Clement expressing regret at not being about to attend the fiftieth class reunion, 1925. Letter to Miss Higley asking how many members of the class of ’75 are still alive and mentions the cold weather in South Africa, 1933. Letter to Miss Higley, in which Ingraham reminisces about her years at Mount Holyoke, 1936. One photo of Ingraham, ca. 1875.
Secondary sources:
Class of 1875 Newton, Martha C., 1850-1923.
Class letter, in which Newton writes about her mother’s death and learning to trust God to pepare her for the future, 1876. Class letter, in which Newton writes thoughts about her time in South Africa, 1883.. Class letter, in which Newton writes about her family and her "commonplace life," 1909.
Secondary sources:.
Class of 1876 Cummings, Mary E., 1854-1947..
Class letter, in which Cummings discusses her life after graduating. An postscript tells of her plans to leave for South Africa, 1877.. Class letter, in which Cummings describes her Christmas holiday at the seaside, her work at Huguenot and the Sunday school, and observing the transit of Venus through the telescope that Mount Holyoke donated to Huguenot, 1882.. Class letter, in which she writes of her travels, her fundraising for a Huguenot building, and her husband, 1889.. Three photos of Cummings as a young woman.
Secondary sources:
Class of 1883 Cummings, Anna M., 1860-1925.
One class letter about life in the U.S. after graduation, 1884. Published letters from South Africa, in which Cummings describes conferences, her daily routine at the school, sending out missionaries, birthday celebrations for herself and Miss Ferguson, visits to Kalk Bay, Miss Doyle’s wedding, Cummings’ temperance concerns, and writes in detail about the Boer War, 1899 and 1900. Photo of Cummings as a young woman.
Secondary sources:
Class of 1885 Hunt, May L., ?-1934.
A short story by Hunt entitled The Poplars, published 1931. A poetry book by Hunt entitled Moods and Moments, published 1931. Two photos of Hunt, one taken in 1905.
Secondary sources: Taught and served as principal of Inanda Seminary in Durban, Natal, South Africa, 1884-1924.
Report of Inanda Seminary discussing the students and school finances, 1896-1897. A printed letter from Phelps, in which she writes about the kraal girls at the school, their religious conversions, and the struggles to keep them in school, 1904. A printed letter from Phelps, describing buildings at the school, 1906. A printed letter from Phelps, in which she writes about sickness, the laundry business students help with, and transportation, 1907. A printed letter from Phelps, in which she write about Christmas celebrations at the seminary, 1908. A letter in which Phelps writes of her plans while visiting the United States, 1917. Photos (printed in articles), mostly of Zulus, including girls carrying bricks on their heads, washing day at the seminary, and a photo of Phelps Hall.
Secondary sources:
Class of 1886 Pixley, Martha H., 1863-1912.
Class letter, in which Pixley comments that mothers consider women’s rights unimportant, 1888. A letter to Anna Edwards from Pixley, in which she write of Inanda Seminary, her father and other family members, and a Zulu boy who attended Columbia University and was planning to study law at Oxford, 1906. A letter to Anna Edwards from Pixley, describing California and the "modern conveniences" of the house in which she is staying, 1911. Photos of Pixley and one photo of her sleeping pavilion, 1883, 1884, and 1903.
Secondary sources:
Class of 1894 Frost, Caroline E., 1870-1945.
Card stating, "It is my purpose, if God permit, to become a foreign missionary," 1890. A published "missionary letter," in which Frost writes about Umzumbe and her Zulu students. An autobiographical summery of Frost’s life, 1904. A letter from Frost to Anna Edwards, in which Frost writes of her teaching experience and Dutch and English tension, 1904. A published letter from Frost about beginning the normal school at Adams, 1909. A published story from Frost, in which she describes the lives of two native girls who attended Inanda, Umzumbe, and Amanzimtoti Institute, eventually becoming teacher, 1917. A published letter, in which Frost describes her tips to a missions out-station during school vacation and the Natal Native Teacher’s Conference, 1920. Published letter by Frost, in which she describes her new homes (including a photo), sickness among students, classes she taught, including cooking and making clay pots, 1920. Letter written by J.B. McCord about the first Zulu class of medical students to study North of the Sahara in Africa, with an ademdem by Frost about the recently added "pre-medic" department, 1921. Letter to Bertha Blakely from Frost, in which she writes of the annual business meeting, a short history of South African missions, a throrough account of the mission library, a requestion for specific books, and describes an exhibition showing native practices and improvements in civalization. Published letter by Frost, in which she writes of female students cooking and making crafts, exams, and decorating the new Domestic Science Building, 1922. Letter to Mrs Clement from Frost, in which she explains that she will not be taking furlough and that her "daily round" would be uninteresting to outsiders, 1933. Newsletter titled, Iso Lomuzi, including several article written by Frost such as a description of a missionary wedding, an article on their library, a life history of Dr. Adams. Articles by other authors including a memorial for Fidelia Phelps, an article about Native agression, a note on the first woman speaking at morning chapel, updates on the Adam's Wayfarers, the Sunday School and the Women's Club, the outline of a course for training native teachers, the program for the mid-winter concert, and an article on about the Mary Lyon house, 1933. Newsletter titled, Iso Lomuzi, including articles by Frost on Miss Anna Clarke, and the careers of Native student who taught throughout Africa. Articles written by others including a report on the literary and debating society, part of an article on Bantu leardership and history, and part of an alligory title "A Strange Dreem" (which gives a vision of the heaven), 1934. Newsletter titled, Iso Lomuzi, including by Frost on changes in staff, and an note on rising early by another author, 1934. Newsletter titled, Iso Lomuzi, including an article by Frost on the state on the library and the addition of new books, 1935. Letter written by Frost to "Friends," in which she discusses the library, sunday schools, gifts given to children, student's extracirictular activities and recreation, her trip to Mt. Silinda and Victoria Falls, 1939. Letter from Frost to the MHC Field Secretary, stating her plans to return to the United Satates, 1940. Eight photos, including Frost, an African teacher, students, and a picnic in the woods.
Secondary sources:
Class of 1917 Everett. Helen, 1893 - 1990.
Class letter, in which Everett writes about cannibalism, and describes Capetown and an ice cream parlor there, teaching, Native girls in Elizabethville, her trip to Elizabethville by train and bicycle and tepoy, and animals she saw, 1922. Class letter in which Everett write of preparing to return to Africa and of her new marriage, 1957. Letter to Bertha Blakely from Everett, describing her sea voyage from Capetown to the United States during World War II, 1942. Letter from Everett to "girls" about the fighting in the Belgian Congo and Everett’s political opinions, 1961. Letter from Everett and her husband to "friends," in which they write more about the Katanga – UN operation, how they fled for safety, and their comments on the political situation in the area, 1962. Letter from Everett, in which she write of having people to tea and serving shredded wheat, her household appliances, the climate and her flower garden, an old missionary, and a brief reference to the hostilities, 1962. Christmas card to Dorothy Camp ’17 from Everett, in which she recalls hearing about Pearl Harbor being bombed and writes about war and her desire for peace, 1978. Photo of Everett as a young woman. Photo of Everett with her husband John Springer, 1956.
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