The Italian secret criminal association based in Naples. Of controversial origin, it first came to light in 1830. Apparently used by the Bourbon rulers of Naples, its activities spread by intimidation, blackmail, and bribery until Naples was controlled by it. Used as a quasi-police network to crush opposition. Efforts to break the power of the Camorra began in the 1880s, culminated in the 1911 murder trial at which numerous members were convicted. The Camorra was suppressed and supplanted after Menito Mussolini’s takeover in 1922.